Caracterización del sistema de riego del Valle Inferior del Río Chubut : análisis desde las representaciones y opiniones de quienes riegan

La historia de la gestión del agua de riego en esta región está marcada por conflictos que en la actualidad parecieran seguir sin resolverse. Este devenir histórico, el entramado biofísico complejo y sistemas productivos y socio-ecológicos dinámicos hacen necesarios estudios que aborden al territorio desde múltiples perspectivas. En el caso del presente trabajo, se reconoce la necesidad de recuperar y reconocer las experiencias, opiniones y percepciones de usuarios y usuarias del sistema de riego del VIRCH, con la intención de que sea el puntapié para que la gestión del agua de riego en este valle se acerque hacia un modelo multiactoral, en el cual el reconocimiento y análisis de los problemas y la manera de abordarlos sean definidos en conjunto por la sociedad civil, el sector privado e instituciones del Estado (Moreyra, 2015), entendiendo que el uso del agua es un tema que afecta a todos y todas. Específicamente, con este trabajo se busca contribuir a la comprensión del funcionamiento del sistema de riego del VIRCH desde las percepciones de las y los regantes, conocer sus opiniones sobre las instituciones presentes en el territorio y, por último, aportar al diseño de una estrategia de trabajo institucional a corto y largo plazo que sea capaz de comprender las demandas y necesidades del sector agropecuario.EEA ChubutFil: Diaz, Lucas Damian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina.Fil: Raguileo, Daniela Ayelen. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina.Fil: Hernández, Marcos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina.Fil: Salvadores, Franco José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina.Fil: Salvadores, Franco José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

¿Qué opinan del sistema de riego quienes usan el agua en el VIRCh?

Este documento es un resumen del trabajo “Caracterización del sistema de riego del Valle Inferior del Río Chubut. Análisis desde las representaciones y opiniones de quienes riegan” que será publicado próximamente. Este resumen tiene el objetivo de acercar parte de la información generada a los y las regantes y a los directivos y trabajadores de la Compañía de Riego para que pueda ser utilizada en los distintos espacios de debate y toma de decisiones. Este estudio tiene como base una encuesta dirigida a quienes estuvieran a cargo del riego de las unidades productivas (chacras). En total se realizaron 102 encuestas, distribuidas a lo largo y ancho del valle, en los primeros meses del año 2020.EEA ChubutFil: Diaz, Lucas Damian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina.Fil: Raguileo, Daniela Ayelen. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina.Fil: Hernández, Marcos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut. Agencia de Extensión Rural VIRCH; ArgentinaFil: Salvadores, Franco José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina

Comparative study of two laparoscopic instrument tracker designs for motion analysis and image-guided surgery: a technical evaluation

Laparoscopic instrument tracking systems are a key element in image-guided interventions, which requires high accuracy to be used in a real surgical scenario. In addition, these systems are a suitable option for objective assessment of laparoscopic technical skills based on instrument motion analysis. This study presents a new approach that improves the accuracy of a previously presented system, which applies an optical pose tracking system to laparoscopic practice. A design enhancement of the artificial markers placed on the laparoscopic instrument as well as an improvement of the calibration process are presented as a means to achieve more accurate results. A technical evaluation has been performed in order to compare the accuracy between the previous design and the new approach. Results show a remarkable improvement in the fluctuation error throughout the measurement platform. Moreover, the accumulated distance error and the inclination error have been improved. The tilt range covered by the system is the same for both approaches, from 90º to 7.5º. The relative position error is better for the new approach mainly at close distances to the camera syste

Technical evaluation of a third generation optical pose tracker for motion analysis and image-guided surgery

Laparoscopic instrument tracking systems are an essential component in image-guided interventions and offer new possibilities to improve and automate objective assessment methods of surgical skills. In this study we present our system design to apply a third generation optical pose tracker (Micron- Tracker®) to laparoscopic practice. A technical evaluation of this design is performed in order to analyze its accuracy in computing the laparoscopic instrument tip position. Results show a stable fluctuation error over the entire analyzed workspace. The relative position errors are 1.776±1.675 mm, 1.817±1.762 mm, 1.854±1.740 mm, 2.455±2.164 mm, 2.545±2.496 mm, 2.764±2.342 mm, 2.512±2.493 mm for distances of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 mm, respectively. The accumulated distance error increases with the measured distance. The instrument inclination covered by the system is high, from 90 to 7.5 degrees. The system reports a low positional accuracy for the instrument tip

Family Networks and Healthy Behaviour: Evidence from Nepal

Models of household decision-making commonly focus on nuclear family members as primary decision-makers. If extended families shape the objectives and constraints of households, then neglecting the role of this network may lead to an incomplete understanding of health seeking behaviour. Understanding the decision-making processes behind care seeking may improve behaviour change interventions, better intervention targeting and support health-related development goals. This paper uses data from a cluster-randomized trial of a participatory learning and action cycle through women’s groups (PLA), to assess the role of extended family networks as a determinant of gains in health knowledge and health practise. We estimate three models along a continuum of health seeking behaviour: one that explores access to PLA groups as a conduit of knowledge, another measuring whether women’s health knowledge improves after exposure to the PLA groups, and a third exploring the determinants of their ability to act on knowledge gained. We find that, in this context, a larger network of family it is not associated with women’s likelihood of attending groups or acquiring new knowledge but a larger network of husband’s family is negatively associated with the ability to act on that knowledge during pregnancy and the post partum period

Accidentes por animales ponzoñosos en el norte de la provincia de la pampa, argentina. Estudio epidemiológico /Accidents by poisonous animals in the north of the province of La Pampa, Argentina. Epidemiological study

They are of compulsory report in our country, because they produce serious consequences in Public Health. This project aims to epidemiologically describe accidents caused by poisonous animals in the north of La Pampa, identify the areas of highest risk and relate them to the distribution antivenoms centers and health institutions with intensive care. A retrospective descriptive epidemiological study was carried out to collect information about accidents with poisonous in the north of La Pampa province during the period 2005-2017. Primary and secondary data sources were used. A review of C2 reports of poisonous accidents from National Health Surveillance System (NHSS) and from records of the Dangerous Species for human and animal health Identification Services from FCV-UNLPam was carried out. Twentyeight interviews to community references and 10 health teams were done. According to the NHSS data, 6 cases of alacrism, 21 of arachnoidism and 3 of ophidism were recorded in the study period. According to the interviews, cases of poisonous animal accidents were described in different locations. The distribution centers of antivenoms, are according to the areas where the accidents were recorded. From the analysis of the data in the study period, we can conclude there are more underreporting than cases reported to the NHSS. In situations where data on accidents by venomous species are deficient, it is difficult to accurately determine the antidotes. This leads national health authorities to underestimate these needs, thereby reducing the distribution of anti-venoms. For this reason, it is important to strengthen the notification, systematization and dissemination of information to contribute to the monitoring and implementation of prevention measures and the treatment of accidents.Los accidentes con animales ponzoñosos son frecuentes en La Pampa, República Argentina y de denuncia obligatoria en nuestro país, ya que provocan graves consecuencias en la Salud Pública. Este proyecto tiene como propósitos describir epidemiológicamente los accidentes por animales ponzoñosos en el norte de La Pampa, identificar las zonas de mayor riesgo y relacionarlas con los centros de distribución de antivenenos e instituciones asistenciales con cuidados intensivos. Se implementó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo retrospectivo para recopilar información sobre los accidentes con ponzoñosos en la zona norte de la provincia de La Pampa durante el período 2005-2017. Se emplearon fuentes de datos primarias y secundarias. Se revisaron planillas C2 de notificación de accidentes con ponzoñosos del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia de la Salud (SNVS) y de los registros del Servicio de identificación de especies peligrosas para la salud humana y animal de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias – Universidad Nacional de La Pampa . Se realizaron 28 entrevistas a referentes comunitarios y 10 a equipos de salud. De acuerdo a los datos del SNVS en el período de estudio, se registraron 6 casos de alacranismo; 21 de aracnoidismo y 3 de ofidismo. Según las entrevistas se describieron casos de accidentes y presencia de animales ponzoñosos en distintas localidades. Los centros de distribución de antivenenos, están acorde a las zonas donde se registraron los accidentes. A partir del análisis de los datos en el periodo estudiado, se concluye que existen subnotificaciones. En situaciones en las que los datos sobre los accidentes por ponzoñosos son deficientes, resulta difícil determinar con exactitud las necesidades de antídotos. Esto lleva a las autoridades sanitarias nacionales a subestimar dichas necesidades, con la consiguiente reducción de la distribución de antivenenos. Por ello, es importante fortalecer la notificación, la sistematización y la difusión de la información para contribuir a la vigilancia e implementar medidas de prevención y el tratamiento de accidente

Global assessment of marine plastic exposure risk for oceanic birds

Plastic pollution is distributed patchily around the world’s oceans. Likewise, marine organisms that are vulnerable to plastic ingestion or entanglement have uneven distributions. Understanding where wildlife encounters plastic is crucial for targeting research and mitigation. Oceanic seabirds, particularly petrels, frequently ingest plastic, are highly threatened, and cover vast distances during foraging and migration. However, the spatial overlap between petrels and plastics is poorly understood. Here we combine marine plastic density estimates with individual movement data for 7137 birds of 77 petrel species to estimate relative exposure risk. We identify high exposure risk areas in the Mediterranean and Black seas, and the northeast Pacific, northwest Pacific, South Atlantic and southwest Indian oceans. Plastic exposure risk varies greatly among species and populations, and between breeding and non-breeding seasons. Exposure risk is disproportionately high for Threatened species. Outside the Mediterranean and Black seas, exposure risk is highest in the high seas and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of the USA, Japan, and the UK. Birds generally had higher plastic exposure risk outside the EEZ of the country where they breed. We identify conservation and research priorities, and highlight that international collaboration is key to addressing the impacts of marine plastic on wide-ranging species

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis